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philosophy [2023/09/20 06:20] – demiurgephilosophy [2023/09/22 00:00] (current) – [Eastern Philosophy] demiurge
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 ====== Philosophy ====== ====== Philosophy ======
  
-==== 1. Ancient Philosophy (c. 600 BCE - 500 CE) ====+===== Recommended ===== 
 + 
 +  * History of Philosophy without any gaps [[https://historyofphilosophy.net/all-episodes|(HOPWAG)]] 
 +  * C.J. Cala [[https://www.youtube.com/@MrCJCala|(YouTube)]] 
 + 
 +==== Ancient Philosophy (c. 600 BCE - 500 CE) ====
  
   * **Greek Philosophy**   * **Greek Philosophy**
-      * **Presocratics**  (e.g., Thales, Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Parmenides): These thinkers are considered the first philosophers. They were primarily concerned with the fundamental nature of reality. +      * **Presocratics**  (e.g., Thales, [[:pythagoras|Pythagoras]], Heraclitus, Parmenides): These thinkers are considered the first philosophers. They were primarily concerned with the fundamental nature of reality. 
-      * **Socratic Period**  (e.g., Socrates, Plato, Aristotle): This period is marked by an emphasis on ethics, politics, and epistemology (the study of knowledge).+      * **Socratic Period**  (e.g., [[:socrates|Socrates]], [[:plato|Plato]], [[:aristotle|Aristotle]]): This period is marked by an emphasis on ethics, [[:politics|]], and epistemology (the study of knowledge).
       * **Hellenistic Philosophy**  (e.g., Epicureans, Stoics, Skeptics): This era saw the development of several schools of thought, each with its own views on ethics and the best way to live.       * **Hellenistic Philosophy**  (e.g., Epicureans, Stoics, Skeptics): This era saw the development of several schools of thought, each with its own views on ethics and the best way to live.
   * **Roman Philosophy**   * **Roman Philosophy**
-      * Thinkers like Cicero, Seneca, and Marcus Aurelius expanded upon and adapted Greek philosophical ideas to the context of the Roman Empire.+      * Thinkers like Cicero, Seneca, and Marcus Aurelius expanded upon and adapted [[:greek|Greek]] philosophical ideas to the context of the [[:rome|Roman Empire]].
  
-==== 2. Medieval Philosophy (c. 500 CE - 1500 CE) ====+ 
 +==== Medieval Philosophy (c. 500 CE - 1500 CE) ====
  
   * **Christian Philosophy**: Early Christian thinkers like Augustine and Thomas Aquinas sought to reconcile Christian doctrine with Greek and Roman philosophy.   * **Christian Philosophy**: Early Christian thinkers like Augustine and Thomas Aquinas sought to reconcile Christian doctrine with Greek and Roman philosophy.
   * **Islamic Philosophy**: Islamic thinkers like Avicenna (Ibn Sina) and Averroes (Ibn Rushd) played key roles in preserving and building upon Greek philosophical texts.   * **Islamic Philosophy**: Islamic thinkers like Avicenna (Ibn Sina) and Averroes (Ibn Rushd) played key roles in preserving and building upon Greek philosophical texts.
   * **Jewish Philosophy**: Thinkers like Maimonides integrated Jewish theology with Greek philosophy.   * **Jewish Philosophy**: Thinkers like Maimonides integrated Jewish theology with Greek philosophy.
-==== 3. Renaissance Philosophy (c. 14th - 17th century) ====+==== Renaissance Philosophy (c. 14th - 17th century) ====
  
-  * This period saw a revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman philosophy. Thinkers like Erasmus and Machiavelli broke from medieval scholasticism and paved the way for the Enlightenment.+  * This period saw a revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman philosophy. Thinkers like Erasmus and [[:Machiavelli|]] broke from medieval scholasticism and paved the way for the Enlightenment.
  
-==== 4. Modern Philosophy (c. 17th - 19th century) ====+ 
 +==== Modern Philosophy (c. 17th - 19th century) ====
  
   * **Rationalism**  (e.g., Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Emphasized the role of reason as the primary source of knowledge.   * **Rationalism**  (e.g., Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Emphasized the role of reason as the primary source of knowledge.
   * **Empiricism**  (e.g., Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Argued that experience is the primary source of knowledge.   * **Empiricism**  (e.g., Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Argued that experience is the primary source of knowledge.
-  * **German Idealism**  (e.g., Kant, Hegel): Focused on the relationship between thought and reality.+  * **German Idealism**  (e.g., [[:kant|Kant]], [[:hegel|Hegel]]): Focused on the relationship between thought and reality.
   * **Existentialism**  (e.g., Kierkegaard, Nietzsche): Emphasized individual existence and freedom.   * **Existentialism**  (e.g., Kierkegaard, Nietzsche): Emphasized individual existence and freedom.
-==== 5. Contemporary Philosophy (20th century - present) ====+ 
 + 
 +==== Contemporary Philosophy (20th century - present) ====
  
   * **Analytic Philosophy**: Originated in the English-speaking world, with thinkers like Russell, Wittgenstein, and Moore. It emphasizes logical analysis and clarity.   * **Analytic Philosophy**: Originated in the English-speaking world, with thinkers like Russell, Wittgenstein, and Moore. It emphasizes logical analysis and clarity.
   * **Continental Philosophy**: Originated in Europe, with thinkers like Heidegger, Sartre, and Derrida. It often addresses broad historical and cultural themes.   * **Continental Philosophy**: Originated in Europe, with thinkers like Heidegger, Sartre, and Derrida. It often addresses broad historical and cultural themes.
-  * **Postcolonial and Decolonial Philosophy**: Engages with the legacy of colonialism and seeks to develop philosophies outside of Western paradigms. + 
-==== 6. Eastern Philosophy ====+ 
 +==== Eastern Philosophy ====
  
   * **Indian Philosophy**: Includes the philosophical traditions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and more.   * **Indian Philosophy**: Includes the philosophical traditions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and more.
-  * **Chinese Philosophy**: Includes Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. +  * **[[:zhongguo|Chinese]] Philosophy**: Includes [[:confucious|Confucianism]], Daoism, and Legalism. 
-  * **Japanese Philosophy**: Incorporates native Shinto beliefs with imported Buddhist and Confucian ideas.+  * **[[:nippon|Japanese]] Philosophy**: Incorporates native [[:shinto|Shinto]] beliefs with imported Buddhist and Confucian ideas.